The size of problem, the consequences on health, and the economic burden on health-care system make the prevention and the treatment of obesity and its related conditions very important issues.
Excess weight causes many negative health consequences, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer and premature death.
However, longitudinal studies have found that obesity is related to heightened risk of coronary heart disease, heart attacks and cardiovascular disease mortality in older men, but not necessarily in older women.
Overweight and obesity exacerbate such as hypertension, high cholesterol and osteoarthritis.
Excess weight also associated with an increased risk of sleep apnea, asthma, cataracts, benign prostatic hypertrophy, gallstone, menstrual irregularities, infertility, and pregnancy complications.
While gens are important in determining a person’s susceptibility to weight gain, energy balance is determined by calorie intake and physical activity.
Obesity raises the risk of developing cardiovascular disease partly through its effect established vascular risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance.
Excess weight is also associated with several novel risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes, most notably elevations in thrombotic markers such as fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and in inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein.
Obesity related diseases
